JOHN D.CASHION

John D. Cashion

Adjunct Senior Research Fellow

MSc, Univ Melbourne, 1964
DPhil, Univ Oxford, 1966
FAIP
Phone +61 (3) 9905 3680 FAX +61 (3) 9905 3637

Email:John.Cashion@sci.monash.edu.au

RESEARCH INTERESTS

The majority of Associate Professor Cashions research projects have involved some application of Mössbauer spectroscopy, but usually involve other techniques as well. Having a very well equipped Mössbauer laboratory with eleven spectrometers including four liquid helium cryostats, 14 T solenoid, CEMS, furnace and three unique pieces of equipment for multiple spectrum acquisition, many projects are selected because the investigation is an area in which Mössbauer spectroscopy has an advantage over other techniques.

Many of his projects are in the area of mineral processing, particularly in gold extraction onto activated carbon and polyurethane foam, transformation of iron minerals during processing and the study of coal and coal products.

Magnetism is another long-standing interest and current projects involve study of the mechanisms operating in exchange spring magnets made either as films by magnetron sputtering or as powder by ball milling. The magnetic properties of iron compounds also forms an important part of the identification of these materials in the mineral processing projects. These properties can change considerably with particle size and crystallinity which is one of the reasons why Mössbauer spectroscopy is so useful in these studies.

Materials with nanocrystalline dimensions can have considerably different properties to larger particles and a recent interest has been in the study of oxides of 3d transition metals produced by different methods and having nanocrystalline particles or phases.

Associate Professor Cashion has overseen the development of three multiple spectrum Mössbauer data acquisition systems. The first works as an imaging spectrometer and enables the simultaneous acquisition of spectra along a sample to map out the iron phases, valency or coordination. It is principally used for the mineral investigations. The other two can track the time sequence of changes in the chemical or magnetic state of iron atoms which are subject to either a cyclic perturbation or to a continuously retriggered perturbation. The cyclic system is being used to study electrochemically active materials undergoing cyclic voltammetry and is being modified to also take spectra around magnetic hysteresis loops. The retriggered system is being developed to study the effect of rf magnetic fields or laser pulses on appropriate materials.

Book

  1. Murad, E and Cashion, J.D., "Mössbauer Spectroscopy of Environmental Materials and their Industrial Utilization", Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004, 417pp.

Refereed publications

  1. Cashion, J.D., Brown, L.J., Hannaford, C.S. and Hall, J.S., Chemical Changes During Pelletising of Brown Coal Ash, Hyp. Int, 139/140, 417-26 (2002).
  2. McGrath, A.C., Cashion, J.D., Brown, L.J. and Hall, J.S., pH Dependence of the Au-CN Species Adsorbed onto Activated Carbon, Hyp. Int, 139/140, 471-7 (2002).
  3. Thong, A.W. and Cashion, J.D., The Temperature and Milling Time Dependence of Coercivity in Ball Milled Nd2Fe14B-Gd, Phys. Stat. Sol., 189, 1035-7 (2002).
  4. Junk, P.C., McCool, B.J., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Spiccia, L., Cashion, J.D. and Steed, J.W., Utilization of Crown Ethers to Stabilize the Dinuclear µ-oxo Bridged Iron(III) Aqua Ion, [(H2O)5Fe(µ-O)Fe(OH2)5]4+, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 1024-9 (2002).
  5. Ammala, P.S., Batten, S.R., Cashion, J.D., Kepert, C.M., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Spiccia, L. and West, B.O., Synthesis, Molecular Structure and Magnetic Properties of [Fe6(µ3-O)2(OPri)2(µ-OPri)6(O2CPh)2(µ-O2CPh)4], Inorg. Chim. Acta, 331, 90-7 (2002).
  6. Juraja, S., Vu, T., Richardt, P.J.S., Bond, A.M., Cardwell, T.J., Cashion, J.D., Fallon, G.D., Lazarev, G., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S and Wedd, A.G., Electrochemical, Spectroscopic, Structural and Magnetic Characterization of the Reduced and Protonated a-Dawson Anions in [Fe(05-C5Me5)2]5[HS2Mo18O62].3HCONMe2.2Et2O and [NBu4]5[HS2Mo18O62.2H2O, Inorg. Chem., 41, 1072–1078 (2002).
  7. Halder, G.J., Kepert, C.J., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. and Cashion, J.D., Guest-dependent Spin Crossover in a Nanoporous Molecular Framework Material, Science, 298 1762-5 (2002).
  8. Parker, R.J., Lu, K.D., Batten, S.R., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Spiccia, L., Cashion, J.D., Rae, A.D. and Willis, A.C., Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties of Linear and Bent Trinuclear Complexes Formed by Hexacyanometallates and Copper(II) Complexes, J. Chem, Soc., Dalton Trans., 3723-3730 (2002).
  9. Gross, K.A., Jackson, R., Cashion, J.D. and Rodriguez-Lorenzo, L.M., Iron Substituted Apatites: a Resorbable Biomaterial with Potential Magnetic Properties, European Cells and Materials, 3 (S2), 114-7 (2002).
  10. Rule, K.C., Cashion, J.D., Mulders, A.M. and Hicks, T.J., The Orientation of the Antiferromagnetic Order in FePS3, Hyp. Int., 141/142, 219-22 (2002).
  11. Orlokh, D., Cashion, J.D. and Jahanshahi, S., Iron Phases in Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2 Metallurgical Slags, Hyp. Int. (C), 5, 495-8 (2003).
  12. Greaves, T.L., Cashion, J.D., Benci, A.L., Jaggi, N.K., Hogan, C. and Bond, A.M., Multiple Mössbauer Spectra Data Acquisition with an In-situ Cyclic Voltammetry System, Hyp. Int. (C), 5, 21-4 (2003).
  13. Cashion, J.D., Chadwick, J., Coyle, C.M. and Finlayson, T.R., The Aging Effect in Au-Cd Alloys: a Mössbauer Spectroscopy Study, J. Phys. IV France, 112, 1087-90 (2003).
  14. Greaves, T.L. and Cashion, J.D., Application of a Multiple Mössbauer Spectrometer to Electrochemical Processes in a Prussian Blue-Modified Carbon Electrode, Proc. 27th Annual A&NZIP Condensed Matter and Materials Meeting, Wagga Wagga, 2003, www.aip.org.au/wagga2003/WW03_32.pdf.
  15. Mattievich, E., Chadwick, J., Cashion, J.D., Boas, J.F., Clark, M.J. and Mackie, R.D., Macroscopic Ferronematic Liquid Crystals Determine the Structure of Kimberley Zebra Rock, Proc. 27th Annual A&NZIP Condensed Matter and Materials Meeting, Wagga Wagga, 2003, www.aip.org.au/wagga2003/WW03_33.pdf.
  16. Davis, J.A., Cashion, J.D., Ponnusamy, R. and Kopcewicz M., Collapse of Magnetic Hyperfine Splitting in a Soft Magnet Studied by Multiple Spectrum Mössbauer Data Acquisition, Proc. 27th Annual A&NZIP Condensed Matter and Materials Meeting, Wagga Wagga, 2003, www.aip.org.au/wagga2003/WW03_34.pdf.
  17. Cashion, J.D., 197Au Mössbauer studies - some successes and some future prospects, Mössbauer Effect Ref. Data J., 26, 169-70 (2003).
  18. Lan, Y., Kennepohl, D.K.,Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Cashion, J.D., Jameson, G.B., and Brooker, S., Coordination Algorithms Control Molecular Architecture: [CuI4(L2)4]4+ Grid Complex Versus [MII2(L2)2X4]y+ Side-by-side Complexes (M=Mn, Co, Ni, Zn; X = Solvent or Anion) and [FeII(L2)3][Cl3FeIIIOFeIIICl3], Chem. Eur. J., 9, 3772-3784 (2003). (Molecular picture also chosen for front cover of journal, 9(16).)
  19. Van der Werff, P.M., Batten, S.R., Jensen, S.R., Moubaraki, B., Murray , K.S. and Cashion, J.D., Structure and Magnetism of 3D Anionic Metal Dicyanamide (MePh3P)[M(dca)3] (M = Fe, Co, Ni) and (EtPh3P)[M(dca)3] (M = Mn, Co, Ni) Networks, Cryst. Growth Design, 4, 503-508 (2004).
  20. Spiers, K.M., Cashion, J.D. and Gross, K.A., Characterization of Magnetite and Maghemite for Hyperthermia in Cancer Therapy, Key Engg. Mater., 254-256, 213-6 (2004).
  21. Leita, B.A., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S., Smith, J.P. and Cashion J.D., Structure and Magnetism of a new Pyrazolate Bridged Iron(II) Spin Crossover Complex Displaying a Single HS-HS to LS-LS Transition, Chem. Commun., 156-7 (2004).
  22. Cashion, J.D., pH Dependence of the Au-CN Species Adsorbed onto Activated Carbon - Reply to Comments, Hyp. Int., 155, 71-5 (2004).
  23. Spiers K.M., Cashion, J.D., Gross, K.A. and Harker, S.J., The Mössbauer Spectrum of Maghemite with Ordered Vacancies, Proc. 28th A&NZ Condensed Matter Physics Meeting, Wagga Wagga 2004, www.aip.org.au/wagga2004/TP21_Spiers.pdf
  24. Smith, A.E.,Rule, K.C., Cashion J.D. and Hicks, T.J., The electric field gradient of FePS3 : a comparison between calculated and measured values, Proc. 28th A&NZ Condensed Matter Physics Meeting, Wagga Wagga 2004, www.aip.org.au/wagga2004/WP27_AESmith.pdf.
  25. Van der Werff, P., Martinez-Ferrero, E.., Batten, S.R., Jensen, P., Ruis-Pérez, C., Almeida, M., Waerenborgh, J.C., Cashion, J.D., Moubaraki, B., Galán-Mascarós, J.R., Martinez-Agudo, J.M., Coronado, E. and Murray, K.S., Hybrid Materials Containing Organometallic Cations and 3-D anionic metal dicyanimide networks of type [Cp*2M][M'(dca)3], Dalton Trans., 285-90 (2005).
  26. Klingele, M.H., Moubaraki, B., Cashion, J.D., Murray, K.S. and Brooker, S., The First X-Ray Crystal Structure Determination of a Dinuclear Complex Trapped in the [Low Spin-High Spin] State: [FeII2(PMAT)2](BF4)4.DMF, Chem. Commun., 987-9 (2005).
  27. Davis, J.A., Cashion, J.D. and Kopcewicz, M., Time Dependence of the RF-Induced Magnetic Hfs Collapse Studied by Multiple Spectrum Acquisition, Industrial Applications of the Mössbauer Effect, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 765 (Amer. Inst. Phys., New York) 2005, pp149-53.
  28. Coyle, C.M. and Cashion, J.D., Mössbauer Effect Study of Seawater-neutralized Red Mud and its Adsorption Properties, Industrial Applications of the Mössbauer Effect, AIP Conf. Proc. Vol. 765 (Amer. Inst. Phys., New York) 2005, pp185-89.
  29. Jones, L.F, Jensen, P., Moubaraki, B., Cashion, J.D., Berry, K.J. and Murray, K.S., The role of diisopropanolamine (dipaH3) in cluster dimerisation and polymerisation: from spin frustrated S = 5 FeIII6 clusters to the novel 1-D covalent polymer of mixed valence [CoII3CoIII] tetramers, Dalton. Trans, 2005, 3344-52.
  30. Ozaki, J., Nozawa, K., Yamada, K., Uchiyama, Y., Yoshimoto, Y., Furuichi, A., Yokoyama, T., Oya, A., Brown, L.J. and Cashion, J.D., Structures, Physicochemical Properties and Oxygen Reduction of Carbons Derived from Ferrocene-Poly(furfuryl alcohol) Mixtures, J. Appl. Electrochem., 36, 239-47 (2006).
  31. Suzuki, K., Ito, N., Garitaonandia, J.S., Cashion, J.D., High saturation magnetization and soft magnetic properties of nanocrystalline (Fe,Co)90Zr7B3 alloys annealed under a rotating magnetic field, J. Appl. Phys., 99 (8): Art. No. 08F114, Apr 15 (2006).
  32. Ito, N., Garitaonandia, J.S., Suzuki, K. and Cashion, J.D., Soft Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline Magnetic Crystalline Fe94-xNb6Bx (x = 10, 12 and 14) Alloys Annealled in a Rotating Magnetic Field, J. Magn Magn. Mat, 304, e639-641 (2006).
  33. Garitaonandia, J.S., Suzuki, K., Cashion, J.D., Goikolea, E., Insausti, M., Plazaola, F., Pizarro, R. and Minguez, P., Mössbauer Study of the Crystallization Products of a Fe75Zr25 Amorphous Alloy, Hyp. Int., 165, 161-165 (2006).
  34. Cashion, J.D. and Greaves, T.L., In-situ Mössbauer Studies of Electrochemical Processes, Hyp. Int., 165, 5-15 (2006).
  35. McGrath, A.C. and Cashion, J.D., Gol'danskii-Karyagin Effect and Induced Fields in Rare Earth-Transition Metal Stannides, Hyp. Int., 168, 1103-1107 (2006).
  36. Amoore, J.J.M., Kepert, C.J., Cashion, J.D., Moubaraki, B., Neville, S.M. and Murray, K.S., Structural and Magnetic Resolution of a Two-step Full Spin-crossover Transition in a Dinuclear Iron(II) Pyridyl-bridged Compound, Chem. Eur J., 12, 8220-7 (2006). (Structure diagram used for front cover).
  37. Ito, N., Michels, A., Kohlbrecher, J., Garitaonandia, J.S., Suzuki, K. and Cashion, J.D., Effect of Magnetic Field Annealing on the Soft Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline Materials, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 316, 458-461 (2007). (doi: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2007.03.121)
  38. Spiers, K.M., Forsythe, J.S., Suzuki, K. and Cashion, J.D., Production of Magnetic Microspheres by Ultrasonic Atomisation, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 311, 97-100 (2006). (doi: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.10.1191)
  39. Perera, D.S., Cashion, J.D., Blackford, M.G., Zhang, Z. and Vance, E.R., Fe Speciation in Geopolymers with Si/Al Ratio ~2, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 27, 2697-2703 (2007). (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.10.006)
  40. Cadogan, J.M., Ryan, D.H. and Cashion, J.D., 155Gd Study of GdFe6Ge6, J. Phys. Condens. Matter, 19, 216204 (9pp), (2007). ( doi:10.1088/0953-8984/19/21/216204)
  41. Schneider, C.J., Cashion, J.D., Moubaraki, B., Neville, S.M., Turner, D.R. and Murray, K.S., The Magnetic and Structural Elucidation of 3,5-Bis(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazolate-Bridged Dinuclear Iron(II) Spin Crossover Compounds, Polyhedron, 26, 1764-1772 (2007).
  42. Thomson, A., Cashion, J.D. and Gates, W.P., Mössbauer Analysis of Iron Sites in Four Na- and Ca-Saturated Ferruginous Smectites, Proc. 31st A&NZ Condensed Matter and Materials Meeting, Wagga Wagga 2007, www.aip.org.au/wagga2007/2007_29.pdf
  43. Moubaraki, B., Leita, B.A., Halder, G.J., Batten, S.R., Jensen, P., Smith, J.P., Cashion, J.D., Kepert, C.J., Ltard, J.-F. and Murray, K.S., Structure, magnetism and photomagnetism of mixed-ligand tris(pyrazolyl)methane iron(II) spin crossover compounds, Dalton Trans., 2007, 4413-26, (2007) (paper selected as a Dalton Transactions Hot Article).
  44. Neville, S.M., Halder, G.J., Kepert, C.J., Moubaraki, B., Duriska, M.B., Murray, K.S., Cashion, J.D., Chapman, K.W. and Létard, J.-F., Single-crystal to Single-crystal Structural Transformation and Photomagnetic Study of a Porous Iron(II) Spin Crossover Framework, J.A.C.S., 130, 2869-2876 (2008), DOI: 10.1021/ja077958f.
  45. Cashion, J.D., Gates, W.P. and Thomson, A., Mössbauer and IR Analysis of Iron Sites in Four Ferruginous Smectites, Clay Minerals, 43, 83-93 (2008).
  46. Turner, D.R., Pek, S.N., Cashion, J.D., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. and Batten, S.R., A Sheet of Clusters: Self-Assembly of a (4,4) Network of FeIII10 Clusters, Dalton Trans., 2008, 6877 - 6879 (2008).
  47. Garitaonandia, J.S., Insausti, M., Goikolea, E., Suzuki, M., Cashion, J.D., Kawamura, N., Osawa, H., Gil de Muro, I., Suzuki, K., Plazaola, F. and Rojo, T., Chemically Induced Permanent Magnetism in Au, Ag and Cu Nanoparticles: Localization of the Magnetism by Element Selective Techniques, Nano Letters, 8, 661-667 (2008) .
  48. Cashion, J.D., Garitaonandia, J.S., Insausti, M. and Goikolea, E., Au-S Bonding in Thiol-capped Ferromagnetic Au Nanoparticles, Proc. 32nd A&NZ Condensed Matter and Materials Meeting, Wagga Wagga 2008, www.aip.org.au/wagga2008/03_Cashion.pdf.
  49. Suzuki, K, Ito, N., Garitaonandia, J.S., Cashion, J.D. and Herzer, G., Local Random Magnetocrystalline and Macroscopic Induced Anisotropies in Magnetic Nanostructures, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 354, 5089-5092 (2008).
  50. Garitaonandia, J.S., Goikolea, E., Insausti, M. Suzuki, M., Kawamura, N., Ohsawa, H., Gil de Muro, I., Suzuki, K., Cashion, J.D., Gorria, C., Plazaola, F. and Rojo, T., Thiol-capped ferromagnetic Au Nanoparticles Investigated by Au L3 X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy, J. Appl. Phys., 105, 07A907 (2009).
  51. Ito N., Suzuki, K., Garitaonandia, J.S. and Cashion, J D., Effect of Boron on the Field-induced Magnetic Anisotropy in Fe-based Soft Magnetic Nanostructures, J. Appl. Phys., 105, 07A321 (2009).
  52. Duriska, M.B., Neville, S.M., Moubaraki, B., Cashion, J.D., Halder, G.J., Chapman, K.W., Balde, C.,, Létard, J.-F., Murray, K.S., Kepert, C.J., and Batten, S.R., A Nano-Scale Molecular Switch Triggered by Thermal-, Light- and Guest-Perturbation, Angew. Chemie.,48, 2549-2552 (2009). (Picture selected for front cover)
  53. Li, D., Teoh, W.Y., Woodward, R.C., Cashion, J.D., Selomulya, C. and Amal, R., Evolution of Morphology and Magnetic Properties in Silica/Maghemite Nanocomposites, J. Phys. Chem. C, 113, 12040-12047 (2009).
  54. Chainok, K., Neville, S.M., Moubaraki, B., Batten, S.R., Murray, K.S., Forsyth, C.M. and Cashion, J.D., Synthesis, Structures and Spin Crossover Properties of Infinite 3D Frameworks of iron(II) containing organodinitrile bridging ligands, Dalton Trans.39, 10900-10909 (2010).
  55. Cashion, J.D., Gates, W.P. and Riley, G.M., Origin of the Two Quadrupole Doublets in NAu-1 Nontronite, J. Phys.: Conf. Series, 217, 012065 (2010).
  56. Glasson, C.R.K, Clegg, J.K., McMurtrie, J.C., Meehan, G.V., Lindoy, L.F., Motti, C.A., Moubaraki, B., Murray, K.S. and Cashion, J.D., Encapsulation of a [FeIIICl4]- Anion in a Cationic [FeII4L6]8+ Tetrahedral Cage Derived from 5,5'''-Dimethyl-2,2':5',5'':2'',2'''-quaterpyridine, Chem. Science, 2, 540-543 (2011).
  57. Spiers, K.M., Paganin, D.M. and Cashion, J.D., The Effect of Vacancy Ordering on Quadrupole Shifts in Mössbauer Spectra of Maghemite, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 23, 176004 (2011).
  58. Schneider C.J., Moubaraki, B., Cashion, J.D., Turner, D.T., Leita, B.A., Batten, S.R.. and Murray, K.S., Spin crossover in di-, tri- and tetranuclear, mixed-ligand tris(pyrazolyl)methane iron(II) complexes, Dalton Trans, 40, 6939-6951 (2011)
  59. Gass, I.A., Gartshore, C.J., Lupton, D.W., Moubaraki, B., Nafady, A., Bond, A.M., Boas, J.F., Cashion, J.D., Milsmann, C., Wieghardt, K. and Murray, K.S., Anion Dependent Redox Changes in Iron Bis-terdentate Nitroxide {NNO} Chelates, Inorg. Chem. 50, 3052-3064 (2011).
  60. Cashion, J.D., Gates, W.P., Greaves, T.L. and Dorjkhaidav, O., Identification of Fe3+ Site Coordinations in NAu-2 Nontronite, Proc. 35th A&NZ Condensed Matter and Materials Meeting, Wagga Wagga 2011, http://www.aip.org.au/wagga2011/Wagga2011_6.pdf.
  61. Amelia, R., Wu, W.D., Cashion, J.D., Bao, P., Zheng, R., Chen, X.D. and Selomulya, C., Microfluidic spray drying as a versatile assembly route of functional particles, Chem. Eng. Sci., 66, 5531-5540, (2011).
  62. Azadmanjiri, J., Simon, G.P., Suzuki, K., Selomulya, C. and Cashion, J.D., Phase Reduction of Coated Maghemite (-Fe2O3) Nanoparticles under Microwave-induced Plasma Heating for Rapid Heat Treatment, J. Mater. Chem., 22, 617-625 (2012), DOI 10.1039/C1JM12524A (2011).
  63. Spiers, K.M. and Cashion, J.D., Crystallographically-based Analysis of the NMR Spectra of Maghemite, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 324, 862-868 (2012) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2011.10.003.
  64. Gagliardi, F.M. and Cashion, J.D., Solvation of Gold and Rare Earths by Tributyl Phosphate, Hyperfine Inter., B207B, 13-17 (2012), DOI 10.1007/s10751-01100453-y.
  65. Azadmanjiri, J., Simon, G.P., Suzuki, K., Selomulya, C., Amiet. A. and Cashion, J.D., Improvement of microwave absorption properties of polypyrrole/silane coated iron oxide core/shell composites using a simple microwave plasma method, submitted to J. Nanoparticle Res., accepted 17 July 2012, NANO5527R1.
  66. Cashion, J.D. and Murad, E., Mössbauer Spectra of the Acid Mine Drainage Mineral Schwertmannite from the Sokolov Basin, Czech Republic, Proc. 36th A&NZ Condensed Matter and Materials Meeting, Wagga Wagga 2012, http://www.aip.org.au/wagga2012/TP30.pdf.